Nyika inoda simba rakawanda, zviri nani muchimiro chakachena uye chinovandudzwa.Maitiro edu ekuchengetedza simba parizvino akaumbwa nemabhatiri e-lithium-ion - pamucheto weiyo tekinoroji yakadaro - asi chii chatingatarisira mumakore anotevera?
Ngatitange nezvimwe zvekutanga zvebhatiri.Bhatiri ipakiti yeimwe kana mamwe masero, rimwe nerimwe rine electrode yakanaka (cathode), electrode yakaipa (anode), separator uye electrolyte.Kushandisa makemikari akasiyana-siyana uye zvinhu zveizvi zvinokanganisa maitiro ebheteri - simba rakawanda sei rarinogona kuchengeta uye kubuda, simba rakawanda sei rarinogona kupa kana nhamba yenguva yarinogona kubudiswa nekuchajiswa (inonziwo simba rebhasikoro).
Makambani ebhatiri anogara achiedza kutsvaga makemikari akachipa, denser, akareruka uye ane simba.Takataura naPatrick Bernard - Saft Research Director, uyo akatsanangura matatu matsva ebhatiri tekinoroji ane shanduko inogona.
NEW GENERATION LITHIUM-ION MABHIRI
Chii?
Mu lithium-ion (li-ion) mabhatiri, kuchengetedza simba uye kusunungurwa kunopiwa nekufamba kwe lithium ions kubva kune yakanaka kune yakaipa electrode kumashure uye mberi kuburikidza ne electrolyte.Mune tekinoroji iyi, iyo yakanaka electrode inoshanda seyekutanga lithium sosi uye iyo yakaipa electrode seyakagadzirira lithium.Machemistri akati wandei akaunganidzwa pasi pezita re-li-ion mabhatiri, semhedzisiro yemakumi emakore ekusarudzwa uye optimization pedyo nekukwana kwezvinhu zvakanaka uye zvisina kunaka zvinoshanda.Lithiated metal oxides kana phosphates ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa seyazvino zvinhu zvakanaka.Graphite, asiwo graphite/silicon kana lithiated titanium oxides inoshandiswa sezvinhu zvisina kunaka.
Nezvishandiso chaizvo uye magadzirirwo emasero, tekinoroji yeLi-ion inotarisirwa kusvika pamuganho wesimba mumakore anotevera.Zvakadaro, zvichangobva kuwanikwa zvemhuri nyowani dzezvinhu zvinokanganisa zvinoshanda zvinofanirwa kuvhura miganhu iripo.Aya makomisheni matsva anogona kuchengeta yakawanda lithium mune yakanaka uye yakaipa electrode uye inobvumira kekutanga kusanganisa simba uye simba.Pamusoro pezvo, neiyi misanganiswa mitsva, kushomeka uye kushoropodzwa kwezvinhu zvakabikwa zvinotariswa zvakare.
Ndezvipi zvakanakira zvayo?
Nhasi, pakati pese-ye-the-art yekuchengetedza matekinoroji, li-ion bhatiri tekinoroji inobvumira iyo yepamusoro-soro yesimba density.Zviitiko zvakadai sekukurumidza kuchaja kana tembiricha yekushanda hwindo (-50 ° C kusvika 125 ° C) inogona kunyatsogadziriswa nesarudzo hombe yekugadzira sero uye makemikari.Uyezve, mabhatiri e-li-ion anoratidza mamwe mabhenefiti akadai sekudzika kwazvo-kuzviburitsa uye hupenyu hwakareba kwazvo uye kuita kwemabhasikoro, kazhinji zviuru zvekuchaja/kuburitsa.
Tingazvitarisira rini?
Chizvarwa chitsva chemabhatiri e-li-ion epamusoro anotarisirwa kuendeswa pamberi pechizvarwa chekutanga chemabhatiri ehurumende yakasimba.Iwo anozove akanakira kushandiswa mukushandisa senge Energy Storage Systems yerenewablesuye chekufambisa (Marine, njanji,ndegeuye kubva munzira yekufamba) uko simba rakawanda, simba repamusoro uye chengetedzo inosungirwa.
LITHIUM-SUFUR MABHIRI
Chii?
Mune li-ion mabhatiri, iyo lithium ion inochengetwa muzvinhu zvinoshanda zvinoshanda seyakagadzika mauto zvimiro panguva yekuchaja uye kubuda.Mu lithium-sarufa (Li-S) mabhatiri, hapana zvivako zvekugamuchira.Paunenge uchibudisa, iyo lithium anode inopedzwa uye sarufa inoshandurwa kuva yakasiyana-siyana yemakemikari emakemikari;panguva yekuchaja, reverse process inoitika.
Ndezvipi zvakanakira zvayo?
A Li-S bhatiri rinoshandisa chiedza chakanyanya kushanda zvinhu: sulfur mune yakanaka electrode uye simbi lithium seyakaipa electrode.Ichi ndicho chikonzero iyo theoretical simba density yakakwira zvakanyanya: yakapetwa kana kupfuura iyo yelithium-ion.Izvi zvinoita kuti ive yakakodzera kune maindasitiri ezvekubhururuka nendege.
Saft yakasarudza uye yafarira tekinoroji yeLi-S inovimbisa zvakanyanya yakavakirwa pane yakasimba state electrolyte.Iyi tekinoroji nzira inounza yakanyanya simba density, hupenyu hurefu uye inokunda izvo zvinokanganisa zvemvura yakavakirwa Li-S (hupenyu hushoma, kuzvidzora kwakanyanya, ...).
Uyezve, tekinoroji iyi inowedzera kune yakasimba state lithium-ion nekuda kweiyo yepamusoro gravimetric simba density (+ 30% iri panjodzi muWh/kg).
Tingazvitarisira rini?
Zvipingamupinyi zvakakura zvetekinoroji zvakatokundwa uye danho rekukura riri kufambira mberi nekukasira kusvika kuzere prototypes.
Kune maapplication anoda hupenyu hwakareba hwebhatiri, tekinoroji iyi inotarisirwa kusvika pamusika mushure meiyo solid state lithium-ion.
SOLID STATE BATTERIES
Chii?
Solid state mabhatiri anomiririra shanduko yeparadigm maererano nehunyanzvi.Mumabhatiri emazuva ano e-li-ion, maioni anofamba kubva kune rimwe electrode kuenda kune rimwe kuyambuka mvura ye electrolyte (inonziwo ionic conductivity).Mumabhatiri ehurumende akasimba, iyo electrolyte yemvura inotsiviwa nekomboni yakasimba iyo inobvumira kuti lithium ions ifambe mukati mayo.Pfungwa iyi iri kure nekutsva, asi mumakore gumi apfuura - nekuda kwekutsvagisa kwakadzama kwepasirese - mhuri nyowani dzema electrolyte akasimba dzakawanikwa ine yakanyanya ionic conductivity, yakafanana neyemvura electrolyte, ichibvumira ichi chipingamupinyi chetekinoroji kuti chikundwe.
Nhasi,SaftTsvagiridzo & Kubudirira kuedza kunotarisa pamhando mbiri dzemhando huru: mapolymers uye inorganic komisheni, inovavarira kusangana kweiyo physico-kemikari zvivakwa senge processability, kugadzikana, conductivity ...
Ndezvipi zvakanakira zvayo?
Mukana wekutanga wakakura ndeyekunatsiridza kwakajeka kwekuchengetedza pasero uye bhatiri mazinga: yakasimba electrolytes haibatike kana ichipisa, kusiyana neayo emvura.Chechipiri, inobvumira kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvitsva, high-voltage high-capacity materials, zvichiita kuti denser, mabhatiri akareruka ane zviri nani pasherufu-hupenyu semugumisiro wekuderedza kuzvisunungura.Zvakare, padanho rehurongwa, zvinounza mamwe mabhenefiti akadai seakarerutsa mechanics pamwe nekupisa uye kuchengetedza manejimendi.
Sezvo mabhatiri achigona kuratidza simba repamusoro-ku-huremu reshiyo, anogona kunge akanakira kushandiswa mumotokari dzemagetsi.
Tingazvitarisira rini?
Mhando akati wandei emabhatiri ehurumende akasimba anogona kuuya kuzotengeswa sezvo tekinoroji ichienderera mberi.Yokutanga ichave yakasimba mabhatiri ehurumende ane graphite-based anodes, kuunza kuvandudzwa kwesimba rekushanda uye kuchengeteka.Nekufamba kwenguva, yakareruka solid solid state bhatiri tekinoroji uchishandisa simbi lithium anode inofanirwa kuwanikwa mukutengesa.
Nguva yekutumira: Aug-03-2022