Simba reSolar tekinoroji yakakosha kune nyika zhinji dziri kutsvaga kudzikisa kuburitswa kubva muzvikamu zvesimba radzo, uye kuiswa kwepasirese kugona kwakagadzirira kukura kwerekodhi mumakore anotevera.
kuisirwa magetsi ezuva kuri kuwedzera nekukurumidza pasi rose sezvo nyika dziri kuwedzera simba radzo rekuvandudza magetsi uye kuedza kuderedza kuburitsa kabhoni kubva mukugadzira magetsi.
Pamwe chete nemhepo, solar photovoltaic (PV) ndiyo inonyanya kusimbiswa ye-low-carbon energy technologies, uye sezvainokura muchiyero, mari yekusimudzira iri kuuya pasi.
Yese yakawedzera kuisirwa simba pakupera kwa2019 yaisvika 627 gigawatts (GW) pasi rose.
Sekureva kweInternational Energy Agency (IEA), solar iri munzira yekuseta marekodhi ekutumira kutsva kwepasirese gore rega rega mushure me2022, neavhareji ye125 GW yehukuru hutsva inotarisirwa pasi rose pakati pa2021 na2025.
Solar PV chizvarwa chakawedzera 22% muna 2019, uye yakamiririra yechipiri-yakakura mhedziso yekukura kweese anovandudzwa matekinoroji, zvishoma kuseri kwemhepo uye pamberi pemagetsi ehydro, sekureva kwesangano.
Muna 2020, inofungidzirwa kuti 107 GW yekuwedzera simba rezuva yakaunzwa online pasirese, paine imwe 117 GW inotarisirwa muna 2021.
China iri nyore musika mukuru wepasirese wesimba rezuva, uye sezvo nyika ichigadzira hurongwa hwekumisa kabhoni yayo 2060 isati yasvika, chiitiko chingangowedzera kukurumidza mumakumi emakore ari kuuya.
Asi matunhu kutenderera pasirese ari kuwedzera simba rawo resimba rezuva, uye pano tinonyora nyika shanu dzepamusoro maererano nekuiswa kwesimba kubva muna 2019.
Nyika shanu dzepamusoro dzesimba rezuva muna 2019
1. China - 205 GW
China inozvikudza nepamusoro pepasi rose yakaiswa solar energy ngarava, yakayerwa pa205 GW muna 2019, sekureva kweIEA's Renewables 2020 chirevo.
Mugore rimwe chetero, kugadzirwa kwemagetsi kubva kusimba rezuva kwakasvika 223.8 terawatt maawa (TWh) munyika.
Kunyangwe iri iyo yepasirese emitter, kukura kwehupfumi hweChinese hunoreva kuti simba rakawanda rinodiwa rinokwanisa kugarisa ngarava huru dzemarasha uye dzinogonekazve pasi rose.
Rubatsiro rwehurumende rwakakurudzira basa muchikamu ichi mukupera kwa2010s, kunyange hazvo rubatsiro rwezvirongwa zvekutengesa rwakamiswa nekuda kwemhando yemakwikwi eokisheni.
Iyo yakakura kupfuura imwe solar chirongwa muChina iHuanghe Hydropower Hainan Solar Park (2.2 GW) mudunhu reQinghai.
2. United States - 76 GW
IUS yaive neyechipiri-yakakura pasi rose yakaiswa simba rezuva muna 2019, inosvika makumi manomwe nematanhatu GW uye ichigadzira 93.1 TWh yemagetsi.
Mumakore gumi ari kuuya, kuisirwa kwezuva reUS kunofungidzirwa kusvika kunosvika 419 GW sezvo nyika inomhanyisa kuedza kwayo kwesimba rakachena uye kuyedza kubvisa zvizere simba rayo remagetsi panosvika 2035.
Utility-scale mapurojekiti anotonga indasitiri yezuva reUS, neCalifornia, Texas, Florida neVirginia pakati pematunhu anoshanda zvakanyanya mumusika wepamba.
Mutyairi akakosha wekukura muUS ndeye renewable portfolio standards (RPS) regulation inosungirira vatengesi vemagetsi kuti vape chikamu chemagetsi chinobva kune zvinogonekazve.Kudonha kwemitengo yekutumirwa uye yakakodzera mutero zvikwereti zvakakurudzirawo kukura mumakore achangopfuura.
3. Japan - 63.2 GW
Japan iri pachinhanho chechitatu pakati penyika dzine simba guru rezuva, iine ngarava inosvika 63.2 GW muna 2019, maererano nedata reIEA, ichigadzira 74.1 TWh yemagetsi.
Mamwe masosi esimba senge solar uye mamwe anovandudzwa ave akakurumbira kubva pakaitika njodzi yenyukireya yeFukushima muna 2011, izvo zvakaita kuti nyika idzore zvakanyanya kuita kwayo musimba renyukireya.
Japan yakashandisa zvirongwa zvekudyisa-mu-tariff (FiT) kukurudzira kuendeswa kwehunyanzvi hwezuva kuita zvakanaka, zvisinei musika we solar PV unotarisirwa kudzikira zvishoma mumakore anotevera.
Kuwedzerwa kwePV yeJapan kunotarisirwa kuita kondirakiti kutanga muna 2022, kunyanya nekuda kwekuparura kweiyo FiT chirongwa chezvirongwa zvakakura uye kusanyoreswa kwehuwandu mumisika yapfuura, inodaro IEA.
Zvakadaro, yakaiswa solar simba muJapan inogona kusvika ku100 GW ne2025 zvichienderana nemitemo yehurumende uye kuderera kwemutengo.
4. Germany - 49,2 GW
Germany ndiyo nyika inotungamira muEurope kuendeswa kwezuva, iine zvikepe zvemunyika zvinosvika 49.2 GW muna 2019, zvichigadzira 47.5 TWh yemagetsi.
Maokisheni emakwikwi akawedzera indasitiri mumakore achangopfuura, uye hurumende yeGermany nguva pfupi yadarika yakaronga kuwedzera chinangwa chayo chekuisa solar 2030 kusvika ku100 GW sezvo ichinangana nechikamu che65% chezvezvezve musanganiswa wesimba mukupera kwemakore gumi.
Zvidiki-zvidiki, zvimisikidzo zvepachivande zvakajairika muGermany, zvinokurudzirwa nehurumende nzira dzekutsigira dzakadai semubairo wekuwedzera chizvarwa, nepo mapurojekiti ekushandisa anotarisirwa kukura mumakore anotevera.
Chirongwa chikuru chezuva chenyika kusvika parizvino i187-megawatt (MW) Weesow-Wilmersdorf nzvimbo kuchamhembe-kumabvazuva kweBerlin, iyo yakagadziridzwa neGerman utility EnBW.
5. India - 38 GW
India ine yechishanu pakukura pasi rose yakaiswa simba rezuva, inosvika makumi matatu nemasere GW muna 2019, uye ichigadzira makumi mashanu nemana TWh emagetsi.
Kudiwa kwesimba muIndia yose kunotarisirwa kukura kupfuura chero dunhu mumakumi emakore ari kuuya uye, seyechitatu pakukura kabhoni emitter pasirese, mitemo iri kugadzirwa kuti ibvise nyika kubva kumafuta ezvicherwa semarasha achifarira zvinovandudzwa.
Zvinangwa zvehurumende zvinosanganisira mazana mana nemakumi mashanu GW emagetsi emagetsi panosvika 2030, uye solar inotarisirwa kuve pakati pechishuwo ichi.
Pakazosvika 2040, IEA inotarisira kuti solar ichabata chikamu chinosvika makumi matatu neshanu muzana cheIndia musanganiswa wesimba pasi pezvishuvo zvepolicy, zvichienzaniswa neisingasviki 4% nhasi.
Sangano iri rinotaura nezve "zvinoshamisa mutengo-kukwikwidza kwezuva" muIndia sesimba rinotyaira rekuchinja uku, "iyo inokwikwidza simba riripo rinopfurwa nemarasha panosvika 2030 kunyangwe kana rakapetwa nekuchengetedza bhatiri".
Zvakadaro, mabhodhoro ekutapurirana-gedhi uye matambudziko ekutora ivhu achada kugadziriswa kuti akurumidze kusimudzira musika wesolar weIndia mumakore anotevera.
Nguva yekutumira: Jun-07-2022